Labor induction means using methods to start labor artificially. The approach used depends on your medical situation and how ready your cervix is.
Membrane sweep
A membrane sweep may be offered before formal induction.
During a cervical exam, your healthcare provider gently separates the membranes from the cervix using a finger. This may release natural prostaglandins that can help labor begin.
This procedure can only be done if the cervix has started to open.
Amniotomy (breaking the water)
An amniotomy involves intentionally breaking the amniotic sac. This can:
- help start labor
- strengthen contractions
It is done during a vaginal exam using a small sterile instrument. You may feel pressure, but it is usually not painful.
Afterward, amniotic fluid may come out in a gush or leak gradually. Oxytocin (Pitocin®)
Synthetic oxytocin (Pitocin®)
In the U.S., synthetic oxytocin (Pitocin®) is commonly used to start or strengthen labor. It is given through an IV and:
- starts at a low dose
- is increased gradually until regular contractions occur
Continuous monitoring is typically used to ensure the safety of both you and your baby.
Balloon catheter (Foley catheter)
A balloon catheter (often called a Foley catheter) is a non-medication method used to help the cervix open.
A small tube with a balloon is inserted into the cervix and filled with fluid. The pressure helps the cervix soften and dilate.
The balloon usually falls out on its own when the cervix has opened several centimeters.
Prostaglandin medications
Prostaglandins are medications used to soften the cervix and help start labor. They may be given:
- orally
- vaginally
- as a gel or insert
You and your baby will be closely monitored during treatment.
Induction at home
In some cases, parts of the induction process may take place at home, such as cervical softening with certain methods. However, this depends on your individual risk factors and your provider’s recommendations.
Not everyone is a candidate for outpatient induction, so it’s important to discuss options with your healthcare provider.
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